SignalWatch

Research Data

Reports, white papers, and open datasets from the SignalWatch conspiracy-theory tracker, for researchers and journalists. Updated 2026-07-18. Free to use with attribution.

Reports & White Papers

In-depth write-ups and methodology notes from the SignalWatch system. Free to read and share.

Scatter clustering 807 multi-theory conspiracy-positive sources into eight archetypes, with a breadth / political-lean / platform legend.
Special Report · 2026-06-23 · 143 KB

The Shape of the Spreader Graph

We clustered 807 conspiracy-positive sources by breadth, political lean, topic and platform — and eight archetypes fall out. A tiny video/social mega-spreader tier bridges dozens of theories (Alex Jones spans 31) while a long podcast tail stays narrow; political lean is predicted by topic, not loudness; pseudoscience is its own apolitical lane; and deep-state/QAnon is the connective tissue, 27% of all source-to-theory links.

Download PDF
The A1×A2 quadrant: current binary cut sends high-harm science denial (anti-vax, climate denial) into the conspiracy shelf, stripping the pseudoscience score.
Method Note · 2026-06-20 · 536 KB

The Pseudoscience Shelf, Revisited

Companion to Pseudoscience on the Margin. What the demarcation literature (Hansson, Boudry, Fasce) says we got right and what we mislabeled: 'they refuse to look' isn't a leak from the conspiracy shelf, it's an immunizing strategy — the canonical feature of pseudoscience. The fix matters most for the theories that actually kill people: vaccine denial drove ~2,144 US measles cases and the Americas' loss of elimination status in November 2025.

Download PDF
The pseudoscience shelf: 14 theories by domain plus the implicit-suppression overlap.
White Paper · 2026-06-20 · 1.3 MB

Pseudoscience on the Margin

Wrong-about-reality claims with no hidden-villain spine — except the spine quietly reappears in the language of the claims themselves. 14 theories across four domains of science, where they live (video, podcasts, marketing tails, and now the measured crank-paper slice — the viXra harvest landed, adding 31 force-linked atoms across gravity-denial / free-energy / simulation theories). Updated with the per-theory formality profile and a forward-pointer to the Revisited method note.

Download PDF
SCTO anatomy: a single theory's controlled-vocabulary record plus arena and controlling-interest distributions.
Reference & Findings · 2026-06-19 · 1.5 MB

Inside the SCTO Ontology

How SignalWatch turns 120 conspiracy theories into one comparable dataset: the controlled vocabularies (arena, mechanism, villain), the shared cast of actors, the anatomy of 'evidence', and what the structure reveals about why some theories spread.

Download PDF
Infographic: stance of news matches to conspiracy theories, advocacy rate by outlet and lean.
White Paper · 2026-06-19 · 828 KB

When the Press Meets the Conspiracy

When a news outlet “matches” a conspiracy theory, is it promoting it? We stance-classified every match: the NYT and Guardian are ~97% neutral coverage; advocacy concentrates in partisan outlets. With eight years of GDELT coverage trends.

Download PDF
Four-panel SEAM infographic: theory-by-engine believer prominence, engine-agreement, variance, dependence.
White Paper · 2026-06-16 · 817 KB

Your Search Engine Has Blind Spots (and a Stance)

Run the same query across seven search engines and each shows measurable blind spots and a stance: block rates span 10-100%, Bing surfaces the most pro-conspiracy content, Google the most debunks, and multi-engine search finds ~2.3x the sources.

Download PDF

Interactive

Explorable, self-contained views of the data — hover for detail, filter in the browser. Free to open and share.

Radial constellation of the hantavirus conspiracy discussion: ten platform spokes, nodes colored by heat band and ringed by narrative, with a white halo marking the one mobilization pocket.
Interactive · 2026-07-14

Hantavirus narrative constellation

Every scored post SignalWatch has collected about the hantavirus discussion, placed by platform, colored by heat and narrative. Four emerging narratives spread thin across ten platforms — low-heat, grievance- and contempt-driven, with the violence dimension near zero. Hover any node for its readout; isolate a narrative to see how it travels.

Open interactive

Datasets

Open, structured cuts of the database — spreadsheet-ready and semantic-web formats.

CSV352 KB

Theory dataset

One row per tracked conspiracy theory (266 total). The flat, spreadsheet-ready cut of the database.

Includes:
  • Political lean (centroid) + bimodality / modality
  • Power, threat, and harm scores; lifecycle status
  • Ontology axes: family, mechanism, arena, controlling interest, infrastructure burden
  • Structural pattern (archetype) + sub-theory parent
  • Core claims, summary, activity metrics & dates
Omitted:
  • Voice-of-the-Believer / Voice-of-Reason narrative prose
  • Individual atoms (post-level data)
  • Data-visualisation arrays
Download CSV
OWL · Turtle11.7 MB

SCTO ontology

The Structured Conspiracy-Theory Ontology in RDF/Turtle (OWL). Importable into Protégé, GraphDB, or any SPARQL endpoint.

Includes:
  • Typed vocabulary classes (family, mechanism, arena, claim & evidence types…)
  • Per-theory axes, claims, evidence, kernels-of-truth + their relationships
  • Structural patterns (archetypes) via hasPattern
  • Sub-theory hierarchy via subTheoryOf
Download OWL

Lean is a calibrated centroid in [−1 (left), +1 (right)]. The dataset is a snapshot; figures reflect the corpus harvested to date. Questions or corrections: see the site footer.